The governor, Nicola Zingaretti, has called for households to restrict their water usage in an effort to conserve supplies.
The regions of Lombardy, Piedmont, Veneto and Emilia-Romagna are also expected to declare a state of emergency later this week.
Current drought conditions are estimated to affect over 30 per cent of the national agricultural output, and the predicted cost of the damage is thought to have surpassed two billion euros.
Temperatures are set to reach a record 43 degrees Celsius in Puglia, Sicily and Sardinia later this week as hot winds from African sweep the country.
It is predicted that the heatwave will break temperature records in Bologna, Milan and many cities in the Veneto and Emilia-Romagna regions.
