The strike was called on Monday night after talks between the Italian Ministry of Transport and union leaders proved unsuccessful.
The nationwide action began at 8:00 am and ended at 10:00 pm local time.
The turnout was reported to be high in most major cities, where so-called “social services” for people in difficulty were still guaranteed.
On Tuesday morning, there were no taxis serving passengers arriving at Rome’s Fiumicino airport, while 500 taxi drivers protested outside the transport ministry at Porta Pia.
Unions are calling for tighter rules on where drivers are allowed to operate.
Taxi drivers can only work in areas they have a license for, while Uber and other car-hire services are not restricted to a single zone.
With ANSA